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Quiz Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. A cell is treated with a metabolic poison that destroys its nucleolus. Which cellular process will be directly impaired first?

  1. A. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA and ribosome formation
  2. B. ATP production during aerobic respiration
  3. C. Phospholipid bilayer assembly
  4. D. Chromosome condensation during prophase
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Answer: A

The nucleolus inside the nucleus produces rRNA and assembles ribosomal subunits.

2. Which process allows Amoeba sp. to engulf solid food particles using pseudopodia?

  1. A. Pinocytosis
  2. B. Osmoregulation
  3. C. Phagocytosis
  4. D. Conjugation
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Answer: C

Amoeba sp. engulfs food particles by extending pseudopodia around the food in a process called phagocytosis.

3. If a pancreatic cell secretes insulin (a protein hormone), trace the correct pathway of insulin from synthesis to secretion.

  1. A. Ribosome → RER → Transport vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane
  2. B. SER → Golgi apparatus → RER → Lysosome → Plasma membrane
  3. C. Nucleus → Lysosome → Golgi apparatus → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome → SER → Vacuole → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
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Answer: A

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes enter the RER, move via transport vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for processing, and are exported in secretory vesicles.

4. What happens to a plant cell when its central vacuole is fully filled with water?

  1. A. The cell bursts due to lack of a cell wall
  2. B. The cytoplasm exerts pressure against the cell wall, making the cell turgid
  3. C. The plasma membrane detaches from the cell wall, causing plasmolysis
  4. D. The cell loses its rigid shape and becomes flaccid
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Answer: B

Water entering the vacuole creates turgor pressure against the rigid cell wall, giving structural support and turgidity to plant cells.

5. In root hair cells, how does their structure facilitate water and mineral absorption from the soil?

  1. A. By possessing waxy cuticle layers
  2. B. By having long tubular projections to increase surface-area-to-volume ratio
  3. C. By having multiple nuclei to increase metabolic efficiency
  4. D. By opening and closing central pores rhythmically
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Answer: B

The long projection of root hair cells increases the surface area for efficient absorption of water and minerals.

6. Which connective tissue in humans is responsible for storing fat and providing thermal insulation?

  1. A. Cartilage tissue
  2. B. Adipose tissue
  3. C. Epithelial tissue
  4. D. Vascular tissue
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Answer: B

Adipose tissue stores fat droplets under the skin and around organs, functioning as energy reserves and thermal insulation.

7. What is the correct sequence of organization levels in a multicellular organism, starting from the simplest level?

  1. A. Tissue → Cell → Organ → System → Organism
  2. B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
  3. C. Organ → System → Tissue → Cell → Organism
  4. D. Cell → Organ → Tissue → System → Organism
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Answer: B

Cells form tissues, tissues build organs, organs form systems, and systems work together as an organism.

8. Which vascular tissue in plants consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells?

  1. A. Xylem
  2. B. Phloem
  3. C. Sclerenchyma
  4. D. Collenchyma
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Answer: B

Phloem tissue consists of sieve tubes and companion cells designed to transport organic nutrients (sucrose).

9. What structural feature of xylem vessels prevents them from collapsing under negative pressure during water transport?

  1. A. Perforated sieve plates at cross walls
  2. B. Thick, uneven cellulose walls in guard cells
  3. C. Lignin deposits on xylem vessel walls
  4. D. High concentration of chloroplasts
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Answer: C

Lignin strengthens xylem cell walls, providing mechanical support and preventing collapse during water transpiration.

10. What is the primary function of the tonoplast in a plant cell?

  1. A. Synthesizing lipids and steroids
  2. B. Regulating the movement of substances across the nuclear envelope
  3. C. Enclosing the cell sap within the central vacuole
  4. D. Anchoring spindle fibers during mitosis
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Answer: C

The tonoplast is the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the fluid-filled central vacuole in plant cells.

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